Apparatus for footing glassware



May 23, 1950 HQRlCHTER APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 28, 1944 (Ittorneg Y. m m D n 3 m M a 4567M May 23, 1950 H. RICHTER ,508, 7

APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE Filed March 28, 1944 8 Sheet's-Sheet 3 STATION D STA'HON E STATION C STATlON F sTAT l O N A Ihwentor Gttorneg H. RICHTER APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE May 23, 1950 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 28, 1944 o zockFw ZO E-(PW m ZOTCQFW May 23, 1950 H. RICHTER APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE 8 Sheet S- Sheet 5 Filed March 28, 1944 3nventor Gttorneg y 3, 1950 H. RICHTER 2,508,687

APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE Filed March 28, 1944 I s Sheets-Sheet e STATION 5 lmgw STATION C Ill STAT\ON D ISnventor (Won-neg May 23, 1950 H. RICHTER APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed March 28, 1944 (Ittorneg May 23, 1950 H. RICHTER APPARATUS FOR FOOTING GLASSWARE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed March 28, 1944 EH 23g 6 (Ittorneg Patented May 23, 1950 UNITED STATES OFFICE a's'oassi APPARATUS-Fon- FOOTING :GLASSWARE Harry Richter, Vine'land, N. inassignmgby mesne assignments, to Owens -Illi'nois Glass-company Toledo,*hio,- a* corporation ofQhio Application-MarchZS, 1944;;Serial No. 528=,4 60

. l This-application is a continuation in partpf my c 'o-pei1ding application, SerialNo. 3811305, filed April 7, 1941, nowabandoned. The invention'relates to -a method and apparatus for footing glassware .andniore particularly forming "a foot or base on a container such as a graduated cylinder. 7 U U In one ofthe widely usedmethods of producing footed ware of the type referred to,-.-a gob of settened glass is deposited on the bottomed "end of a jaruand tooled to form thereon the desired shape of f-oot. Usually thebottom of the jaris blown in-a mold. ;In--this methoda-fillet isfermed at the. junction of the side wall with the baseand,

since the-formation-.-of the fillet is uncontrolled, its volume varies in each jar.- For thiereason itynecessary to test each jar before 'incising or otherwise fixing graduation lines onthe jar. One of the objects of the present invention is toiorm a foot'on acylindrical blank; the blank being open instead of bottomed so that strains present -in Jars made by former methods are obviated; H

another object of theinvention is to form the foot-on the cylindrical blank in such a-manner that-fillets are eliminated orv-atxleast controlled so-gthat jars having regularly shaped internal sides and-bottoms areproduced.

Ether-objects will be apparent from'the .-following description of-thein'vention taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig-t l is an elevation, partly in section, .of the lower part-of a preferred embodiment of a machine illustrating the invention;

:Fig. 1a is anielevatiompartl-y in section, of the upper part of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a' top plan view of the stationary plate supporting mechanisms, designed to performcertain operations at's'u'ccessive stations ilming the steps necessary to shape thefoot on-the ware;

F'ig'*.--'3-is'a section taken on line 3-3 "of-Fig; l 'shewi ng particularlychu'ck' rotating mechanisms "'is atop plan'view, 'certain'parts being brdk'en away, (if the base, showing the bank of valves for operating the several fluid operated devices 6f the machine;

Fig". is a fragmentary elevation "of certain parts er the machine designated as station B in efin .a cylindrical glass blank is held ma fotatafile chuck and the ends thereof are'fi'r finished;

is .a fragmentary elevation of certain parts at me machinedesignated as station c at which'the bottom enact the cylindrical blanli is 2 pressed .and .a pour-out is .formed at the other" en of th'blanli; I

Fig. 7 is .a .fiagnientary-elevation of certain parts' of the machine designated as statidn'Df wherein .the foot and bottomare preliminarily ap 1 Fig. -8' is .a fragmentary elevation of certain. parts er the r'nachine designated .as station wherein the final operation of shaping the font is-effectdj H I Fig. 9 is a fragmentary elevation of .cei' talir'i parts of -.the machine designated as statidn F illustrating mechanism for withdrawing "the finished product'iromj'its Holding chuck;

Fig, 10 is .a section Itake'nTthr'dugh the Chfik, mounting assembly;

Fig tll is a partial top plan View of'lthelnhuk mounting'..assenibly;,and

Fig. 12 is a section taken through .the base showing the bank of valves and cammechanisin for actuatingthe valves.

In the drawings it will. be .seen'that the stations arepreferably, .butnot necessarily, equally spaced-apart andthat the several shaping] operations are :carried out in timed: sequence. Referring to Figs. 1 and.1a',' itwillbesee'n that .a' pair of .jaws t5, normally held closed .by spring [6, are adapted to be opened by a conical cam 11m: plunger 118, the latter having at its other end a piston 19 in cylinder; 20 secured to stationary spider- 2! and to whichcompressed air is admittedand exhausted therefrom through hose connections 22, 22. The jaws when closed are adapted to .clamp the cylindrical blank 12.3. In Figwlathe-jawsare shown as attached-toia'hoillow. plungeraz fl h'avingi a piston 25 secured thereto intermediate itsiends; The piston 'is' elevated and lowered within cylinder .26, zhose ioonnecti'nis' 21, -21 -zadmitting :and exhausting compressed air to and from the cylinder, respectively. shown, the jaws are open and elevated. 'A'n operator places afblank in the jaws which, .at the proper time; automatically close to hold rhemank. therebetween. .The Jaws are then lowered to p.0 sition the hlankin a rotary chuck 28 slidwn'fin' detail l-in..Fig. l0, whereupon thefjaw's .open and areiagain elevated. "Suitable valves in 'thebaril; indicated -at 29in .Fig. '1 and actuated by earns indicated .ati3l, supply compressed air the; cylinders .to reciprocate pistons :l 9 and"2 5 prdper ;timed.sqiience. .lt vis'to be 'noted"that plunger m is siiaame within hollow "plunger-1ft mernarcynnderfi rises andraus; with'plungei lowermost position is limited by gauge plate 32, shown in Fig. l as being in its elevated position. The gauge plate is mounted on plunger 33 having a piston 34 thereon, the latter being in cylinder 35 and adapted to be raised and lowered by compressed air supplied through hose connections 36, 36'. After the blank is clamped in the chuck, the guide plate is lowered. The chuck is shown in detail in Figs. 10 and 11 and the mechanism for opening the chuck is illustrated in Fig. 1. In these figures, as well as in Fig. 3, it will be seen that the chuck comprises three pairs of jaws 31, each pair being fast on a rotatable pintle 38. Also secured to each pintle is an arm 39 having its free end tangentially engaging and-cooperating with a conical cam 4| normally holding the chuck jaws closed by means of a spring 42 bearing against the cam and housing 43. The housing is provided with a central opening 44 in which the glass blank is positioned when clamped by the laws. v

The chucks, of which there are six in number in the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, are mounted on a spider 45 rotatable on hollow column 46 mounted on base 41 and held thereon by collar 48 bolted to the base. Pivotally mounted on spider 45 adjacent each of the chucks is a bell crank 49 cooperating with a ring I having pins 52 thereon adapted to engage cone 4| to lift the latter against spring 42. As the cone is elevated, springs 53 rock arms 39 and jaws 31 to nonclamping position.

Having described the manner in which the glass blank is deposited in one of the chucks at station A, it will be noted that chuck-carrying spider 45 is intermittently rotated about the central column at predetermined timed intervals. In this respect it will be seen that a motor 54 drives pulley 55 which, in turn, drives pulley 55' (see Fig. 4) through belt 56, the latter pulley being fast on worm shaft 5'! driving a worm wheel in housing 58. The worm wheel is secured to shaft 59 having at its upper end a crank GI adapted to cooperate with a Geneva gear 62 secured to a cylindrical extension 63 of spider 45. It will, therefore, be seen that, through the Geneva mechanism, the spider and the chucks carried thereby are moved intermittently to successive stations.

The means for rotating the chucks is illustrated in Figs. 1, 1a, 3, l0 and 11. Pinion 64 on the shaft of motor 55 drives gear 66 fixed to the upper end of sleeve 61, the lower end of which rests on bearing 68, the latter being supported on spider 45. Secured to sleeve 61 adjacent the lower end thereof is a second gear 69 meshing with six gears indicated at Ill. The latter are rotatable in bearings I9, these bearings being fixed to spider 45 and rotatable therewith. Secured to each of the gears I0 is a circular plate I I, the periphery of which is engageable with ring 12 on the chuck housing. This ring is so mounted on the chuck that relative movement thereof radially of the chuck is permitted. Normally the chuck is rotatable with ring I2 through spring members 13 which frictionally engage the chuck housing, but, at the same time, permit the relative radial movement between the ring and the housing referred to. Rotation of the chucks is arrested by arm I4 pivotally connected to bellcrank 15 and movable toward and away from ring I2 when the bell-crank is rocked. Rocking of the bell-crank is effected by plunger I6 actuated by compressed air supplied to cylinder 11. lit is to be noted that there is a separate plunger I for the next subsequent operation. The upper end is heated sufficiently to form an annular bead thereon. Gas for the burners is supplied through hose connection 80.

At stations C, Fig. 6, while the ends of the blank are still plastic, the upper or bead end of the blank is flared and evenly shaped by a die secured to the lower end of a vertically reciprocable plunger 86 actuated by compressed air supplied through hose connections 81, 81' to cylinder 88 and acting on piston 89 fixed to the plunger. The die is brought into engaging relation with the blank as the chuck is aligned therewith. At the same time a pour-out is formed on the lower end of the blank by finger 9| on sliding member 92 mounted in an arcuate guide 93. A rocking motion is imparted to the finger by plunger 94 connected thereto, by link 95, the plunger having secured thereto a piston 96 acted upon by compressed air supplied to cylinder 9I by hose connections 98, 98'.

At station D, Figs. 1, 3 and 7, there is shown the mechanism for initially forming a foot on the blank, the ends of the blank still being relatively hot 'When the blank reaches this station. When the indexing movement has terminated and while rotation of the chuck is arrested, a hollow plunger 99 is inserted in the blank from' the lower end thereof and positioned with its upper end in predetermined adjacent relation to the end of the blank. Within the hollow plunger" is a'second plunger I99, the head I00 of which is substantially that of the inner diameter of the blank and is of such shape that the formation of fillets at the junction of the side walls and the bottom is controlled to provide a predete'rf mined cross section. The halves IIlI, IIlI'of a mold are then moved into abutting relation' adjacent the beaded end of the blank, and a gob of molten glass, indicated at I02, is then cut of! from glass gathered on punty I93 by shears I 94 and dropped into the mold. The closing of the mold halves is timed with the other operations and, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, is effected by a.

toggle I pivotally connected to plunger I95 having thereon a piston I91 actuated by compressed air supplied to cylinder I08 through hose connections I99, I99. Immediately after the gob of molten glass has been deposited in the mold a die III having a semispherical end face and attached to the lower end of plunger H2 is lowcred preliminarily to form a foot on the cylinder. The mechanism for reciprocating die III ln-. cludes a piston I I3 in cylinder I I4 to which compressed air is supplied through hose connections II5, H5. It will be seen that the plunger also, carries a cross arm I I6, the latter being apertured to receive guide pins II! which are slidable in the cross arm. These pins are secured to a second cross arm I I8 and adjustably threadedorr the pins are nuts 9 between which and cross arm H6 are springs I2I. Cross arm H8 is slid able with respect to the die I II and carries a ring I22 which cooperates with the die and mold to form a straight annular end on the formed The cup-shaped die and ring are employed to permit rectilinear movement of the ring axially of the mold, thus insuring a symmetrically formed foot. It is apparent that there is lost motion between the ring and die so that the ring adjusts itself during the molding operation, although, while the die is being lowered, the ring moves therewith. It is apparent, of course, that the die I and lower plunger head move in opposite directions toward the mold, plunger 99 having thereon a piston I23 reciprocable in cylinder I24 to which compressed air is supplied through hose connections I25, I25. Plunger I99 also carries a piston I26. and an auxiliary cylinder I2'I to which compressed air is supplied through hose connections I29, I28. Hence, it will be seen that head I99 is first moved into the blank by plunger 99 after which it is brought into molding position by plunger I99.

It is further to be noted that the mold halves fill, IIlI are pivoted on a slide I29 mounted on bracket I39, the mold being advanced and withdrawn by plunger I3I connected thereto. Plunger I3I carries a piston I32 in cylinder I33 to which compressed air is supplied through hose connections I34, I34.

Axial movement of plungers 99 and H2 is limited by engagement of pistons H3 and I23 with the ends of cylinders H4 and I24. Vertical adjustment of cylinders H4 and I24 is provided accurately to position die III and head I99 with respect to the mold halves I9I, I9I. It will be seen that cylinder H4 is threaded in nut I35 secured to bracket I33 on spider 2| by collar I31. By turning the nut I35, cylinder II4 may be raised or lowered. Cylinder I24 is provided with a flange I38 having slots I39 therein through which bolts I4I pass. It will be apparent that this arrangement permits vertical adjustment of cylinder I24.

In Fig. 8, station E, there is illustrated the subsequent step of shaping the pressed semispherical cup-shaped foot to form a substantially frusto-conical base I42 for the shaped blank or jar 23. Burners I43, I43, having gas connectoins I44, reheat the foot to soften the same, after which an axially movable carbon tool I45 carried by plunger 543 is brought into engagement with the foot by piston M1 in fluid pressure cylinder I48 to which compressed air is supplied through hose connections I49, I49. The opposite side of the base is shaped by a stationary but adjustable tool II mounted on rod I52 and secured thereto by set screws I53, I53. It will be seen that tool I5I also shapes the outer corner formed by the angle between the base and the cylindrical body of the jar. The burners I43, I43 and cylinder I48 are supported by brackets I54, I55, respectively, these brackets being secured to spider 2|.

After the base has been shaped the jar is removed at station F (Fig. 9) by a vertically reciprocable take-off clamp similar to and operable in the same manner as clamp I5 shown in Fig. 1a. For this reason the parts thereof have been given the same reference numerals. The operator removes the finished jar after it has been elevated from the chuck by the clamp at station F.

It is to be understood that the various fluid operated cylinders and the burners are supplied with air and gas at predetermined timed intervals and in synchronism with the indexing of the chucks. For the purpose of supplying and cutting off these supplies, there is provided the bank of valves 29, each of Which has a follower and separated relation,

6 I56, and actuated by cams 3I on cam shaft I51,'as shown in Figs. 1, 4,. and 12. This shaft. isdriven through gears=I58,.I59-,. the latter on shaft 53. Compressed air and gas are supplied to the valves by pipes I59 and I69 respectively. V

The method and apparatus described is capable of forming a footed cylinder in which certain disadvantages. present in prior methods are eliminated. In addition to the controlled formation of fillets, the invention provides for reducing to a minimum the strains set up at the junction of the foot with the walls of the cylinder. It is obvious that the deposition .and sealing of molten glass to a jar on which the bottom has already been formed creates certain strains on cooling due to unequal wall and bottom thicknesses. In the present invention the foot is sealed only to an open end of the cylinder. The controlled formation of the bottom insures a constant cross section taken axially of the jar so that it is unnecessary to make preliminary tests before incising the graduations on the jar. The elimination of this last mentioned step results in a considerable saving in the production of graduates of the type referred to herein.

While the invention has been shown and described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it is not intended that it be limited to the exact arrangement of parts, but may be modified to meet varying conditions of production. The invention is, therefore, to be construed as falling broadly within the definition thereof as set forth in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. A machine for footing a substantially cylindrical blank having each end thereof open, comprising a chuck for holding said blank, a shaping head insertable through one open end of the blank, a reciprocable motor for moving said head into adjacent relation with the other open end of the blank, a partible mold engageable with said other end of the blank, a reciprocable motor for retracting the sections of said partible mold and for alternately moving the sections into closed a substantially semispherical member movable into cooperating relation with said head and said mold, and a reciprocable motor for moving said semi-spherical member into shaping relation with respect to said mold.

2. A machine for footing a substantially cylindrical blank having each end thereof open, comprising a chuck for supporting said blank 'with its axis disposed vertically, a. shaping plunger insertable through the lower open end of said blank, 9. reciprocable motor for moving said plunger into adjacent relation with the upper end of said blank, a partible mold engageable with said upper end, a reciprocable motor for retracting the sections of said partible mold and for alternately moving the sections into closed and separated relation, a substantiall semi-spherical member for shaping a foot on said upper end, and a reciprocable motor for moving said member downwardly toward and into shaping relation with said mold.

3. A machine of the type defined in claim 2 in which said supporting chuck is rotatably mounted, together with an intermittently operated clutch for rotating said chuck.

4. A machine for footing a substantially cylindrical blank having each end thereof open, comprising a chuck for supporting said blank with its axis disposed vertically, a shaping plunger in- 

